whith the ExcludedLaw of Excluded Middle : A⊢ φ ∨ ¬A¬φ, that is provable from Double Negation (or Rule of Indirect Proof or Proof by Contradiction) : ¬¬φ ⊢ φ,(¬¬E).
I'll use the natural deduction rules of :
- Michael Huth & Mark Ryan, LOGIC IN COMPUTER SCIENCE : Modelling and Reasoning about Systems (2nd ed 2004), page 27.
¬ C --- assumed
A & B --- assumed [a]
A --- from 5) by &E
B → A --- from 6) by →I
B --- from 5) by &E
A → B --- from 8) by →I
(A → B) & (B → A) --- from 7) and 9) by &I
A ↔ B --- from 10) by ↔I
C --- from 11) and 1) by →E
⊥ --- from 4) and 12) by ¬E : φ, ¬φ ⊢ ⊥
¬ (A & B) --- from 5) and 13) by ¬I : if φ ⊢ ⊥, then ⊢ ¬φ, discharging [a]
10b) A ↔ B --- from 10) by ↔I
C --- from 10) and 1) by →E
⊥ --- from 4) and 11) by →E
¬ (A & B) --- from 5) and 12) by →I, discharging [a]
- ¬ (A & B) ∨ C --- from 13) by ∨I
- ¬ (A & B) ∨ C --- from 14) by ∨I
(A ↔ B) → C, ¬ C ⊢ ¬ (A & B) ∨ C --- from 4)-1415)
Thus, by Excluded MiddleLEM : C ∨ ¬C, we can conclude with :