Semiotics, as developed by Pearce, Saussure, Barthes, and others can have very broad applications that overlap with epistemology, logic, and maybe even ontology. I don't believe it is always understood as "psychological," and versions of it seems to bear some resemblance to Kant's schema.

But apart from Derrida, if you grant him the status of philosopher, I don't know of it being integrated into mainstream anglophone philosophy. My familiarity with academic philosophy is slim, so am I wrong about this? Are there exceptions? Does semiotics remain largely the province of cultural criticism, anthropology, sociology, etc.?

If so, any fundamental reason for this? Did the "linguistic turn" in philosophy develop in some incompatible direction?