All logical truths share one vital set of elements, they are tautalogical, symbolic, null and meaningless.
Opposed to this is metaphysical truth, where metaphysical means, that which is real or actual. Whether this type of truth, as J D has mentioned elsewhere, is part of an endless controversy and can only be resolved by one individual's belief in its existence. But actually that is quite acceptable.
As for philosophies which speak knowlegeably about truth, of the handful who come to mind; Aristotle, Plato and Spinoza, Spinoza's version of what constitutes the definition of truth may be the most compelling but is certainly the least understood. To define truth, he maintained, is the same as understanding it. For him that means accumulating adequate ideas. ( adequate here means; to (be) equal. He uses the word 'idea' in a unique way which bears no resemblance to today's common usage. There are two types of 'idea'. One is an object, person or thing which exists as a realtime existent. The other 'idea' is the objects correlate which exists in the human mind. When they achieve 'adequacy' they can be understood to be equal, not in some ephemeral way, but as real.
Spinoza's grasp of this authentic understanding of truth remains little understood or appreciated up until now. But there are those who have worked to overcome this oversight. If you can accept a challenge, leave preconceptions behind, about the 'elusive' nature of truth or, of the current fad of denying its existence altogether, then locate a copy of "Spinoza: New Perspectives", Edited by Robert W Shahan and J. I. Biro, (Univ of Oklahoma Press, 1968). On page 57 you will find an essay by S. Paul Kashap, a Spinoza scholar and highly respected Academic philosopher at the University of California, Santa Cruz.
The essay ie titled "Spinoza's use of 'Idea'." Pay close attention when he speaks of genetic defintions and 'thought objects.
Like most of Spinoza's system this piece is extremely difficult to understand particularly since it contradicts the widely accepted version of the elusive nature of truth which pervades academic philosophy today. Aude, Semper, Sapere