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I've heard the following definition of morality:
A particular action or choice is moral or right if it somehow promotes happiness, well being or health, or it somehow minimizes unnecessary harm or suffering, or both.
A particular action or choice is immoral or wrong if it somehow diminishes happiness, well being or health, or it somehow causes unnecessary harm or suffering, or both.
Is this definition proposed by any known philosophers/schools of philosophy, or it's an original?
The quoted example appears to be type of Consequentialism; more elaboration would be required to specify it further (for example, it may or may not be Utilitarianism).
(If the SEP article is too dense, a more introductory account can be found here.)
It's one of the more common ways of formulating of Utilitarianism.
Jonathan Bentham and John Stuart Mill are two well-known Modern Utilitarianists. The only contemporary philosopher that comes to mind is Peter Singer.
