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Wittgenstein early metaphilosophy in the TLP basically gives philosophy the role of "riddler solver", that is, a discipline whose main task is to study language in order to clarify the meaning of propositions, or to show that a proposition clearly lacks meaning.
How does this change in the Philosophical Investigation? What is the objective of philosophy according to the late Wittgenstein?
There are several remarks in the Philosophical Investigations in which Wittgenstein comments on the "business" of philosophy:
It was correct that our considerations must not be scientific ones. The feeling ‘that it is possible, contrary to our preconceived ideas, to think this or that’ — whatever that may mean — could be of no interest to us. (The pneumatic conception of thinking.) And we may not advance any kind of theory. There must not be anything hypothetical in our considerations. All explanation must disappear, and description alone must take its place. And this description gets its light — that is to say, its purpose — from the philosophical problems. These are, of course, not empirical problems; but they are solved through an insight into the workings of our language, and that in such a way that these workings are recognized — despite an urge to misunderstand them. The problems are solved, not by coming up with new discoveries, but by assembling what we have long been familiar with. Philosophy is a struggle against the bewitchment of our understanding by the resources of our language. (§109)
And from §122 to §129:
It is not the business of philosophy to resolve a contradiction by means of a mathematical or logico-mathematical discovery, but to render surveyable the state of mathematics that troubles us — the state of affairs before the contradiction is resolved. (§125)
Philosophy just puts everything before us, and neither explains nor deduces anything. — Since everything lies open to view, there is nothing to explain. For whatever may be hidden is of no interest to us. (§126)
What is the objective of philosophy according to the late Wittgenstein?
The objective of philosophy according to the later Wittgenstein is both to make us aware of the temptation of any a-priori generalization and to show how to overcome it.
(The rejection, which marks the thansition from early to later Wittgenstein is, more generally, addressed to every kind of dogmatism in philosophy and the Philosophical Investigations can be seen as the culmination of all the consequences of this rejection).
The rejecting of any a-priori generalization is also the rejection of the tractarian approach, which did consist in reducing the sphere of the sayable to meaningful declarative sentences which are all of equal value, by virtue of a general form of truth-function ([p-, ξ-, N(ξ-)]), therefore every meaningful sentence is, abstractly and dogmatically, no more than the result of successive application of a formula consisting on a formal operation and one propositional variable (see TLP 6 and following comment).
So, while the Tractatus does construct a systematic edifice which relies on strict formal logic, on the other hands the Philosophical Investigations points out the therapeutic non-dogmatic nature of philosophy, verily instructing philosophers in the way of therapy. Consequently, according to this new viewpoint, a philosophical problem has the form: "I don't know my way about" (PI 123), and hence the aim of philosophy is "to show the fly the way out of the fly-bottle" (PI 309)
(source: see in particular the paragraph 3.7. The Nature of Philosophy here)
