Huge and complex topic but one connexion between linguistics and philosophy runs very clearly through the work of Noam Chomsky.
Contemporary linguistics, and especially the parts of it that relate to the
lexicon, sentence structure, and meaning, remains close to its philosophical
foundations; many linguists working in these areas find it difficult to avoid
involvement in problems that are essentially philosophical, especially in
trying to determine the cognitive basis of their work. Most of the cognitive sciences remain close to their philosophical roots, but linguists who
have inherited the essentially introspective methods of generative grammar
find themselves in an unusually philosophical position, since the research
program is unsupported by a well developed experimental methodology.
Thus, the foundations of linguistics, and especially their relation to human cognition, have preoccupied linguists as much as or even more than
philosophers. From Chomsky (1966) to Chomsky (2000), Noam Chomsky's work has represented an attempt to provide a philosophical account
of the parts of linguistic science that can be grounded in the cognitive
constitutions of individual human beings.
Francis Jeffry Pelletier and Richmond H. Thomason, 'Twenty-Five Years of Linguistics and Philosophy', Linguistics and Philosophy, Vol. 25, No. 5/6 (Dec., 2002), pp. 507-529 : 510.
The article contains far more detailed information about the relation of linguistics to philosophy from the linguistics side, and the relation of linguistics to philosophy from the philosophical side but space is too limited to elaborate here - unfortunately.