I started reading History of Philosophy and readily noticed that the origins of our actual natural sciences were due to the proper use of inductive logic. Our Physics/Chemistry and Biology all are known to have started by the revolution of Thales and the Pre-Socratic Thinkers, conscious human-beings that decided to stop relying on mythical and supernatural explanations for all phenomena and started using inductive logic specially in cosmology.
I was trying to device the same understanding about Mathematics. I read in History of Mathematics that the first accounts of something similar to mathematics was the activity of our ancestors (in Pre-Historic period) in perceiving that different collection of objects did actually have the same property, they noticed they might had the same "number" of elements, as we now know. From there, the Babylonians, Indians, Chinese, Egyptians, and Muslims further developed this idea. I'm trying to see if there was anything essential (e.g., inductive/deductive logic, Wittgenstein's language-games on collection of objects) that lead to the idea of numbers and specially that later lead to the development, by those societies, of Arithmetic, Geometry and Algebra, some foundations of our modern Mathematics.
As inductive logic lead to the development of the natural sciences, is there anything essential in our human existence (brain, mind, etc.) that lead to the development of Mathematics?