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Human beings are capable of deciding upon rules based on intuitions and observations their neurons presumably provide (certainly metaphysical presumptuous). According to WP, this is inductive reasoning:

Inductive reasoning is a method of reasoning in which a general principle is derived from a body of observations. It consists of making broad generalizations based on specific observations.

Computers are capable of deciding upon rules based on weighted connection models of computation based on data sets where connection models are modeled on actual neurons and data sets might be data from visual processing systems designed around cameras. These systems are called rule-based machine learning systems:

Rule-based machine learning (RBML) is a term in computer science intended to encompass any machine learning method that identifies, learns, or evolves 'rules' to store, manipulate or apply... rule-based machine learning applies some form of learning algorithm to automatically identify useful rules, rather than a human needing to apply prior domain knowledge to manually construct rules and curate a rule set.

The question is simple. Does rule-based machine learning qualify as inductive reasoning?

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    The issue with "modeled on actual neuron" is that the model is ... just a model, may be very crude, may not entirely reflect what a real neuron does in a brain, or could also be somewhat wrong. The model may not be accurate at all. I regularly see articles from neuroscience about new and important mechanisms in real neurons that are nowhere near modeled in artificial neurons...
    – Frank
    May 16 at 18:26
  • @Frank Indeed. Sounds like you might advocate all models are wrong.
    – J D
    May 16 at 18:49
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    I think it's something to keep in mind before getting into whether the machines are conscious or other similar "fascinating" topics.
    – Frank
    May 16 at 18:53
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    in terms of answering the question itself, the whole ML, which is just statistics with better computers is "inductive".
    – Frank
    May 16 at 20:03
  • @Frank You're an ML guy, so I place some faith in that. But why the scare quotes?
    – J D
    May 16 at 20:18

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