Questions tagged [logical-positivism]
The philosophical view that only statements verifiable either logically or empirically would be cognitively meaningful.
56
questions
0
votes
0answers
33 views
Any concrete, real life example of Peirce's Law?
What would be a real life, concrete example of Peirce's Law?
((p → q) → p) → p
There is a Wikipedia article on it, if you are unfamiliar with it:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirce's_law
There ...
-1
votes
2answers
108 views
Deductive reasoning & conditionals
What would be a good example of explicit deductive reasoning that doesn't seem to be possibly interpreted correctly as a conditional (If A, then B)?
-4
votes
1answer
137 views
Collaborative work between Linguists and Computer Language designers to help fix the English Language
Is there work being done to help remove all the ambiguities and loose meaning of the English language by using low to mid level computer programming languages (avoiding more recent "high level" ...
1
vote
2answers
118 views
Is Karl Popper a logical positivist?
Logical positivism is an important Western philosophy with a central idea of verification; the doctrine that all knowledge about matters of fact stems from and relies on sensory experience and remains ...
1
vote
1answer
83 views
Wittgenstein on Mechanics
Can someone explain what Wittgenstein was trying to say in Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus ? Specifically propositions 6.341-6.343. What does he mean when he says that a system like Newtonian Mechanics ...
1
vote
0answers
73 views
Why is the logical philosophy of the Berlin and Vienna circles generally seen as the same?
According to Wikipedia's entry on the Berlin Circle, the terms logical empiricism and logical positivism are largely used interchangably. To wit:
The Berlin Circle had much in common with the ...
0
votes
0answers
76 views
How exactly Wittgenstein “inspired two schools of thought [logical positivism/logical empiricism and analytic/linguistic movement/Cambridge School]”?
In the page 527 of von Wright's Ludwig Wittgenstein, A Biographical Sketch in The Philosophical Review, Vol. 64, No. 4 (Oct., 1955), he tells:
It has been said that Wittgenstein inspired two ...
2
votes
3answers
336 views
What are the accomplishments of critical theory vs. logical positivism
Coming from a natural science viewpoint, I find that logical positivism is much more important for scientific research than is critical theory.
I've read the critics/flaws of logical positivism, and ...
1
vote
2answers
98 views
In what way did the "Logical Positivist' movement influence contemporary Analytical Academic Philosophy? [closed]
Rudolf Carnap and the Vienna Circle made a concerted effort to 'move' Philosophy away from its traditional focus on 'speculative' metaphysics by establishing a regimen of scientific rigor within the ...
2
votes
0answers
83 views
Hilary Putnam's criticism of Carnap's 'Principle of Tolerance'
I am left quite confused at how Hilary Putnam showed that Carnap's response to the self-defeating objection of the verification principle was circular and hence unviable. Can anybody help explain it ...
2
votes
1answer
59 views
What does it mean to say that the relation between evidence and hypotheses is “syntactic”?
Positivists construe the relation between evidence and hypotheses to
be syntactic (L1990, 23). Consequently, "what would count as evidence
for a hypothesis is determined by the form of the ...
3
votes
4answers
313 views
A question on logical positivism and pragmatism with regards to meaning of a statement
‘Despite all its weaknesses, democracy is still the best form of
government compared with all other forms of government that have been
tried in human history.’ Which of the following is False ...
5
votes
1answer
241 views
Why can we not reduce necessity to analyticity?
Why can’t we eliminate talk of necessity and possible worlds, for talk of analyticity and (non-modal) logical consistency? Has there been any attempt in recent times to do this? I'm not 100% sure, but ...
0
votes
2answers
1k views
How can I use logical positivism in the philosophy of education?
Logical Positivism is a teacher centered philosophy that rejects intuition, matters of mind, essences, and inner causes. This philosophy relies on laws of matter and motion as valid, and bases truth ...
1
vote
0answers
359 views
How can I apply logical positivism in the philosophy of education?
How can I apply logical positivism in the philosophy of education?
How would I use logical positivism to explore why teachers teach (objectives), what should be taught (curriculum) and how should ...
5
votes
4answers
964 views
Do logically incoherent statements still have meaning?
My reading of Carnap's "The Elimination of Metaphysics Through Logical Analysis of Language" suggests to me that it is possible to form sentences in a language that are grammatically correct but ...
5
votes
1answer
3k views
What is the distinction between positivism and logical positivism?
I've heard that positivism aimed to be purely empirical, while logical positivism recognised that empiricism needed to be combined with logic in order to actually be able to figure out anything. Is ...
0
votes
2answers
993 views
The effect of logical empiricism in research and education?
My teacher told to me that "logical empiricism" aborted the research and science. logical empiricism want to remove metaphysics from the science and built a "pure science". But that was an mistake and ...
2
votes
1answer
216 views
Logical positivism on religious language
I was searching for an essay on logical positivists’ view of religious language but I can't seem to find any good one.
Can someone point out to me some links related to this?
1
vote
0answers
107 views
Sufficient & necessary conditions for singular and general statements
In David Rynin's 1956 address to the American Philosophical Association, "Vindication of L*G*C*L P*S*T*V*SM", he remarks upon the "tenuous logical relationship" between a general statement, "For any ...
5
votes
2answers
3k views
What is the relationship between Scientism and Logical Positivism?
I always assumed that Scientism was just the layman's version of Logical Positivism. Scientism is the view that the natural sciences are the only source of factual knowledge about the world, ...
4
votes
2answers
225 views
What does later Wittgenstein and earlier Wittgenstein have in common?
Wittgenstein, while previously advocating a picture theory of semantics, later came to revoke his support of this position.
But did Wittgenstein still hold on to certain ideas of his old school?
...
5
votes
2answers
298 views
Rudolf Carnap's opinion about free will
I know that the logical positivists thought that many old philosophical questions are meaningless, but I never found a source on the internet about their position on free will. So what was their ...
2
votes
3answers
312 views
Who/what was Horkheimer referring to when he said that “Reason, in destroying conceptual fetishes, ultimately destroyed itself.”?
In his 1941 Paper "The End of Reason", Max Horkheimer states the following:
Reason, in destroying conceptual fetishes, ultimately destroyed itself.
On one hand, he seems to be referring the ...
0
votes
2answers
154 views
Why do old theories take priority over new ones?
Given two scientific theories that both agree with experiment, it seems that unless the new one is much simpler, the older one is accepted. Why is this so?
Examples:
Special Relativity wasn't ...
2
votes
4answers
1k views
Is existentialism philosophy?
I believe that philosophy is defined by its method, which is based on logical analysis. It is not merely any discipline that investigates the world's conditions and the meaning of life. To be a ...
8
votes
2answers
432 views
Did Gödel oppose or agree with the Logical Positivists?
Gödel was a member of the Vienna Circle, whose philosophical position as a group was Logical Positivism, or Logical Empiricism.
The SEP article on him states that among his philosophical views were ...
6
votes
4answers
609 views
Can something “count” as TRUE without support by logic and empirical data?
I was in an online debate and had this statement presented to me.
I would note further that your apparent positivism rests on what is
logically a faith claim - specifically, the unproveble claim ...
3
votes
2answers
697 views
Does logical positivism necessarily entail reductionism?
I always assumed that Logical Positivism and reductionism went hand in hand, and that refutations of LP automatically made the case for reductionism weaker.
My reasoning was: if only empirically ...
3
votes
6answers
854 views
In idealism, how can you prove that God is the One who created the Universe?
In philosophy, idealism is the group of philosophies which assert that
reality, or reality as we can know it, is fundamentally mental,
mentally constructed, or otherwise immaterial. ...
1
vote
0answers
2k views
Carl Hempel's covering law model of explanation in history
According to Carl Hempel in "The Function of General Laws in History" (The Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 39, No. 2, 1942, pp. 35-48), explanation in history consists of the "derivation of the ...
12
votes
3answers
2k views
How did the logical positivists respond to Gödel's incompleteness theorem?
In a lecture on philosophy of science I recently listened to, it was stated that Quine was the one who decisively refuted the logical positivist program.
I've also read that Quine and Popper were ...
2
votes
3answers
626 views
What is the difference between the illogical and the nonsensical?
In the Tractatus, Wittgenstein mentions the following:
"3.03 Thought can never be of anything illogical, since, if it were, we should have to think illogically."
"3.032 It is as impossible to ...
7
votes
1answer
855 views
Did the Logical Positivists accept synthetic a priori knowledge?
My understanding of Logical Positivists is that, following Wittgenstein, they accepted only 2 types of proposition as meaningful:
Propositions based on formal logic (i.e. tautologies)
Empirically ...
4
votes
2answers
120 views
Normativity in Science
According to the description of language and norms in Analytic Philosophy (and especially in the way Rorty talks about it in Contingency Irony and Solidarity) we cannot judge one vocabulary using our ...
6
votes
4answers
2k views
A proposition is non-falsifiable. So what?
Does Karl Popper argue that non-falsifiable theories are not true/have no truth value, or simply that they are not provable? Put another way: according to Popper, could a non-falsifiable theory ...
5
votes
5answers
2k views
Does anyone argue that Karl Popper's theory of critical rationalism does not meet its own conditions?
I am a huge fan of Dr. Popper's work, and particularly his theory that the property of falsifiability separates the scientific from the non-scientific.
However, it struck me that this theory does not ...
1
vote
1answer
142 views
Would a logical positivist consider a proposition about objects outside of the earth's light cone to be meaningful?
The logical positivists' basic premise was that for any statement to be meaningful, one had to be able to confirm its truth or falsehood using formal logic and empirical observation. Any statement ...
1
vote
3answers
179 views
Logical Positivism, Linguistic Philosophy, then came what?
In this interview with philosopher Bernard Williams interviewer Bryan Magee suggests:
Logical Positivism was the prevailing orthodoxy of one generation, Linguistic Philosophy of the next.
Is ...
8
votes
6answers
2k views
Is homeopathy verifiable?
Would homeopathy be verifiable according to the logic positivists (and thus science)?
On the one hand, one could, in principle, observe patients recovering after being given a homeopathic medicine. ...
2
votes
0answers
74 views
Reference suggestions - Contemporary Western Philosophy
I want to read following topics
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; Incomplete Symbols; ...
2
votes
2answers
1k views
Dialectic vs Logical positivism
Dialectic is opposite to Metaphysic.
Also Logical positivism criticizes Metaphysic since in Logical positivism only statements verifiable either logically or empirically would be cognitively ...
8
votes
1answer
2k views
How do Logical Positivists respond to the “Positivism is self-defeating” argument
Positivism asserts that any statement that cannot be empirically tested is meaningless. But obviously, this is a self-refuting statement, because it can't be empirically verified as well.
How do the ...
6
votes
1answer
159 views
How might a modern defender of positivism classify a “speech act”?
A few people here have wondered whether positivism is really dead. I was under the impression that it was for a long time; but there seem to be some sympathizers with positivism here, and I'd be ...
1
vote
2answers
161 views
Help me understand Logical Positivists points
I am studying Logical Positivism on my own, and though I get the most of it, I am confused about some points, and I will be really grateful if you can help me here. I am studying it from here.
In the ...
5
votes
1answer
948 views
Does Gödel's second incompleteness theorem interact with logical positivism?
Gödel's second incompleteness theorem (GSIT), informally stated, says:
For any formal effectively generated theory T including basic arithmetical truths and also certain truths about formal ...
6
votes
1answer
435 views
To what extent did the logical positivists actually reject traditional philosophy?
Logical positivism is often taught as one of the three new schools of philosophy, together with pragmatism and phenomenology, that went against traditional philosophy in a radical manner. While I am ...
15
votes
2answers
4k views
Is Hume's Fork self-refuting?
David Hume wrote:
If we take in our hand any volume; of divinity or school metaphysics, for instance; let us ask, Does it contain any abstract reasoning concerning quantity or number? No. Does it ...
9
votes
2answers
8k views
How to distinguish between 'a priori/posteriori' and 'analytic/synthetic'?
What I think I know
A priori knowledge that can be gained by contemplating only the meaning of a statement's words.
A posteriori knowledge can be gained only by comparing a statement's meaning with ...
7
votes
1answer
272 views
How to express Kant's notion of existence on first-order logic according to Ayer?
In Language, Truth, and Logic, Ayer writes:
[As] Kant pointed out, existence is not an attribute. For, when we ascribe an attribute to a thing, we covertly assert that it exists.
However, I can't ...
