The epistemic closure is that: If S knows (if p then q) then (If S knows p then S knows q). --- In Nozick's Truth-Tracking Analysis S knows p if and only if - p is true - S believes that p - If p were false, S would not believe that p - If p were true, S would believe that p --- The counter model here I mean something might includes - W (a nonempty set of worlds), - R (a relation over W), and - I(SxW) (where I is the interpretation function I:(s,w)->{0,1}, where S is the set of sentense letters. This should tells us whether a sentense letter is true or not true in a world.) --- To show the epistemic closure is not valid under Nozick's system, we simply find a counter model with world w s.t. the negation of epistemic closure is true in this world. I tried to do this by myself, but I didn't figure out Nozick's semantics by reading his *philosophical explansion* for example - How did Nozick define the valuation of the belief operator - For the relation of worlds, what rules they must obey? (are they transitive, or symmetric etc.) - What's the valuation of Nozick's counterfactual conditionals (I know Nozick's system of counterfactual conditionals is different from Stalnaker and Lewis.) What Nozick said on page 173 is that >This point is brought out especially clearly in recent 'possible-worlds' accounts of subjunctives: The subjunctive is true when (roughly) in all those worlds in which p holds true that are closest to the actual world, q also is true (Examine those worlds in which p holds true closest to the actual world, and see if q holds true in all these.) To me, this really sounds like Stalnaker's account of subjunctive conditionals: >That p subjunctive implies q is true in w if and only if for all worlds x, [if p is true in x and for all world y (if p true in y then x sees y under relation Rw)], then x true in q. Could someone explain Nozick's semantics to me in details? Any help or suggestion would be appreciated.