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an ancient Greek school of philosophy founded at Athens by Zeno of Citium. The school taught that virtue, the highest good, is based on knowledge, and that the wise live in harmony with the divine Reason (also identified with Fate and Providence) that governs nature, and are indifferent to the vicissitudes of fortune and to pleasure and pain.

2 votes

What are the key differences between Plato's Republic and Zeno's?

▻ THE TEXT It is true that the text of Zeno's 'Politeia' has been lost but there is a large collection of surviving fragments to be found in Diogenes Laertius, Philodemus, Clement of Alexandria, St J …
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4 votes

How does Stoicism deal with human interdependence?

Stoicism adopts a theory of oikeiosis, the root desire of all animals, human beings included, for self-preservation. … REFERENCES John Sellars, 'Stoicism', Chesham : UK : Acumen Publishing, 2006, ch. 5 'Stoic ethics', pp. 107-134. E.V. Arnold, 'Roman Stoicism', London : Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1911/1958, ch. …
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1 vote

Criticism of stoicism

One name that comes to mind is that of Sextus Empiricus, whose work postdates that of Epictetus and Cicero. You might find it useful to look into : EMPIRICUS, Sextus, Outlines of Scepticism (Cambrid …
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2 votes

Stoic way of dealing with insults and humiliation

The following brief background to Stoic tranquillity, when renders one impervious to insults or humiliation, may be of help: Let us see how this doctrine was worked out in terms of the traditiona …
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1 vote

How does Stoicism relate to Existentialism?

Nietzsche’s ethics and suggests that although both philosophers follow the Stoics in conceiving of ethics as a therapeutic enterprise that aims at human freedom and flourishing, they part company with Stoicism
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