Your *8 points don't make for a single coherent philosophy, but many of them are compatible with a family of open minded pragmatic empiricists.
Karl Popper is a leading figure in what I recommend. He offers an excellent grounding in how to do empiricism, and that empiricism is radically open as to what it reveals about our world. He also inferred, empirically that there are three worlds to our universe -- matter, experience, and ideas. This provides the non-materialist ontological framework that can support your mathematical reality, and possibly where a creator may exist. A summary of his 3 world thinking is found in his Tanner Lecture: https://tannerlectures.utah.edu/_resources/documents/a-to-z/p/popper80.pdf
Popper also provides the grounding for trusting your intuition of the divine, and of the reality of Beauty. His empiricism is a FIRST PERSON empiricism -- all of science is done by intersubjective consensus between first person empiricism activities. One can investigate the world of ideas, or the plane of experiences, using first person empiricism, as one can investigate the physical world.
Popper was an atheist. There are several other thinkers who take his empirical thinking further in a platonic direction. Thomas Nagel is also an atheist, but has postulated some telelogic aspects to our universe, to explain the very sorts of things that you are moved by. His most recent work is Mind and Cosmos, with a review here: https://www.amazon.com/gp/customer-reviews/R1HQMF6OJKRDCC/ref=cm_cr_dp_d_rvw_ttl?ie=UTF8&ASIN=0199919755
The physicist Roger Penrose also accepts Popper's 3 world ontology, and seeks for ways to use that ontology to integrate consciousness with science, in the Emperor's New Mind.
Perhaps of greater interest, Paul Davies is also a physicist, but one who holds by a Deist worldview. He has written more than a half dozen books on the interface of science, cosmology, evolution, abiogenesis, and consciousness, all of which are interesting and thought-provoking: https://www.amazon.com/s?k=paul+davies+books&crid=2RXQNLRG7PPTC&sprefix=paul+davies+%2Caps%2C158&ref=nb_sb_ss_ts-doa-p_1_12
And here are three science books by a collection of authors who hold by the Perennial Philosophy of pan-psychism. Irreducible Mind, Beyond Physicalism, and consciousness Unbound. I review beyond physicalism here: https://www.amazon.com/gp/customer-reviews/RZY1A4EL2JOZ4/ref=cm_cr_dp_d_rvw_ttl?ie=UTF8&ASIN=153812596X.
Your fascination with Beauty can best be understood in a Virtue Ethics perspective, where rather than the collection of virtues that classical thinkers pursued (honor, duty, etc), one instead focusses on embracing one of the three macro virtues of Love, Truth, or Beauty. Virtue ethic is recently becoming a fad in philosophy, so there is a lot of current literature. The best articulation of embracing a macro Virtue I have found is actually in Jesus' advocacy for embracing and internalizing Love. Nietzsche arguably did the same with a "creative agency" virtue.
These thinkers break the current dominant paradigm of materialism and take their thinking in ways that you may find interesting.