You might care to take Derrida and deconstruction as a starting point.
Western thought, says Derrida, has always been structured in terms of dichotomies or polarities: good vs. evil, being vs. nothingness, presence vs. absence, truth vs. error, identity vs. difference, mind vs. matter, man vs. woman, soul vs. body, life vs.death, nature vs. culture, speech vs. writing. ( Jacques Derrida, Dissemination, trans. by Barbara Johnson (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1981), Translator's Introduction, p. x.)
These opposites, however, have not been seen as equal entities. The
second term is always put in the position of being a fallen or corrupted
version of the first. Thus evil is the lack of good, absence is the lack of presence, error is a distortion of truth, and difference is an obstruction
of identity. The two terms are not held in an opposing tension but are
placed in a hierarchical order which gives the first term priority both in
time and quality. The general result has been the privileging of unity,
identity, and temporal and spatial presence over diversity, difference,
and deferment in space and time. (Harold G. Coward, '"Speech versus Writing" in Derrida and Bhartṛhari', Philosophy East and West, Vol. 41, No. 2 (Apr., 1991), pp. 141-162 : 142-3.)
Derrida is not an easily accessible writer without a guide, so at least I have found. I suggest you approach him first through a commentary :
Julian Wolfreys, Derrida: A Guide for the Perplexed, ISBN 10: 0826486010 / ISBN 13: 9780826486011
Published by Continuum, 2007.
Christopher Johnson, Derrida (The Great Philosophers), ISBN 10: 0753801841 / ISBN 13: 9780753801840
Published by W&N 1997-10-27, 1997.
Christopher Norris, Derrida (Fontana Modern Masters), ISBN 10: 0006860575 / ISBN 13: 9780006860570
Published by Fontana Press, 1987.
Jack Reynolds, ed., Understanding Derrida, ISBN 10: 0826473164 ISBN 13: 9780826473165
Publisher: Continuum, 2004.
Online searches for 'Derrida' and 'deconstruction' may also be helpful, now that you know what to look for.
